Симфонический оркестр Санкт-Петербургской филармонии

The Saint Petersburg Philharmonic Orchestra (Russian: Симфонический оркестр Санкт-Петербургской филармонии, Symphonic Orchestra of the Saint Petersburg Philharmonia) was formed in 1882, and is Russia's oldest symphony orchestra.The Saint Petersburg Philharmonic Orchestra was initially known as the Imperial Music Choir, and performed for the Court of Alexander III of Russia. By the 1900s, the Orchestra started to give public performances at the Philharmonia and elsewhere in Russia. After the Russian Revolution, the Orchestra was taken over by the members, and the name was changed to the State Philharmonic Orchestra of Petrograd. In the 1920s, the Orchestra began receiving support from the State, and began to be known internationally. Guest conductor appearances were made by Bruno Walter, Ernest Ansermet, and Hans Knappertsbusch during this time. The city of Petrograd was renamed Leningrad three days after the death of Vladimir Lenin, the founder of the Soviet Union. Around this time, the Orchestra was renamed the Leningrad Philharmonic Orchestra. The Orchestra gained its most fame under the lengthy directorship of Yevgeny Mravinsky. It made few tours to the West, and the first tour was to Finland in the Spring of 1946; however, also they made a number of studio and live recordings under Mravinsky. Under Mravinsky's direction, the Orchestra premiered seven of Shostakovich's Symphonies. In 1991, the Orchestra was renamed the Saint Petersburg Philharmonic Orchestra. Today, the Orchestra is an internationally recognized, and the Chief Conductor is Yuri Temirkanov.